What is the basic principle of metal stamping technology?

Metal stamping process is a manufacturing technology that uses external forces to cause plastic deformation of metal sheets or pipes, thereby forming specific shapes and sizes of parts. Its basic principle is rooted in the theory of plastic deformation of metals, which applies pressure to metal materials through punching machines and molds to induce permanent deformation in specific areas.

The stamping process mainly relies on the stamping die, which consists of an upper die (convex die) and a lower die (concave die). Under the action of the stamping machine, the upper die moves downward and cooperates with the lower die to apply tremendous pressure to the metal sheet placed in between. Metal materials undergo plastic deformation when their molecular structures are rearranged under compression. This process enables the material to be reshaped according to the shape of the mold, forming the desired geometric structure.

Stamping technology can be divided into two categories: separation process and forming process. The separation process, such as punching, aims to separate the metal sheet from the remaining material along a predetermined contour line to obtain a clean cutting edge. The forming process is to cause plastic deformation of materials without damage, such as bending, deep drawing, bulging, etc., to form various complex shaped parts.

The efficiency and accuracy of stamping processes depend on multiple factors, including the physical properties of materials, the design and manufacturing accuracy of molds, the performance parameters of stamping machines, and the control of stamping processes. In order to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of stamped parts, it is necessary to carefully design the mold clearance, stamping force, and feeding and discharging mechanisms. In addition, the optimization of stamping process also includes selecting suitable material types, planning production processes and parameter settings reasonably, in order to achieve effective, low-cost and high-quality production goals.

In general, metal stamping technology can quickly and economically mass produce various metal parts through precision molds and strong mechanical force, and is widely used in multiple industries such as automobiles, home appliances, aviation, and construction.